Is
Colorectal Cancer in Your Future?
Colorectal cancer, cancer of the colon or rectum, is the second most common
cause of cancer death in the United States. The American Cancer Society
estimates more than 135,000 new cases of colorectal cancer will be diagnosed
this year, causing approximately 56,000 deaths. Despite the numbers, colorectal
cancer is often preventable through regular check-ups, early screenings
and knowledge of the risk factors for developing this cancer.
“Most cases of colorectal cancer begin with the development or growth
of non-cancerous polyps that form on the lining of the colon,” R.K.
Warrier, M.D., Our Lady of Bellefonte Hospital gastroenterologist, said.
“These polyps can develop into cancer and invade the colon wall and
surrounding tissue. Early removal of non-cancerous polyps helps to prevent
colorectal cancer.”
Who is at Risk?
Dr. Warrier notes that colorectal cancer is an equally significant health
concern for women as well as men. “Men and women older than the age
of 50 are at an al- most equal risk of developing colorectal cancer,”
he said.
While the exact causes of colorectal cancer are unknown, studies indicate
that the following risk factors increase the chance of developing the disease.
• Age
The risk of developing colorectal cancer increases with age. “Although
colorectal
cancer can occur at any age, it is more common in people ages 50 and older,”
Dr. Warrier added.
• Family History
Individuals with a parent, sibling or child with colorectal cancer are more
likely to develop the disease. According to Dr. Warrier, the more first-degree
relatives one has that have colorectal cancer, the greater one’s risk
for developing the disease.
• Personal History
Anyone with a personal history of colorectal cancer is at risk of developing
the disease a second time. “Women with a history of ovarian, uterine
or breast cancer have a greater chance of developing colorectal cancer,”
Dr. Warrier explained. “Individuals with a history of inflammatory
bowel disease also are at an increased risk.”
• Lifestyle Factors
A diet high in fat and low in fruits, vegetables and whole grains has been
shown to increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. “Cigarette
smoking, a sedentary lifestyle and obesity also may increase the risk of
acquiring the disease,” Dr. Warrier said.
• Polyps
Polyps are somewhat common in people ages 50 and older. Dr. Warrier warns
that some types of polyps are more likely to become cancerous. “There
is a rare, inherited condition, known as familial polposis, which causes
a large number of polyps to grow in the colon and rectum,” he said.
“This condition leads to colorectal cancer.”
Screening
The cancer care specialists at Our Lady of Bellefonte promote the early
detection of diseases and credit regular screenings as the most effective
tool for reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. “Adults with no symptoms,
who are at average risk of colorectal cancer, should begin screenings by
age 50,” Dr. Warrier said. “Individuals with a family history
of colorectal cancer may need to start screenings at an earlier age.”
When detected early, colorectal cancer can be treated and even cured. “The
chance of surviving the cancer rapidly decreases if the tumor is not detected
early and has spread beyond the colon,” Dr. Warrier adds.
Talk with Your Doctor
Remarkable advancements have been made in the treatment of this cancer and
few colorectal cancer survivors need to have colostomies or wear external
bags. “Don’t be afraid to talk to your doctor about colorectal
cancer,” Dr. Warrier concludes. “An early diagnosis can save
your life.”
For more information about colorectal cancer and early detection screening
methods, contact the OLBH CareLine at (606) 833-CARE (2273).
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